Assyrian Art Essay -- essays research papers

Assyrian ArtThe reliefs from the palace of King Assurnasirpal II at Nimrud play an meaning(a) role in portraying the force play and importanceof the Assyrian king. These reliefs are similar to other Assyrianreliefs in terms of their purpose however, there is a contrast in themethods used to glorify the king. By examining such factors as style,iconography and historical significance, we find many similarities anddifferences between the ceremonial reliefs and the more common reliefsdepicting war and hunting.The reliefs belong to the sacred orceremonial category consist of panels depicting a sacred tree, a humanheaded genius fertilizing a sacred tree, a wire-haired pointing griffon fertilizing a sacredtree, and a scene of King Assurnasirpal (whose name comes from the godAssur) followed by a winged genius. Dating to about 870 B.C., thesereliefs were originally located in the antechamber to the royal thronehall and in the living room where it would have been viewed by distinguishedgues ts. Because of their location and larger than life size, thereliefs ...instill in the beholder a sense of awe and reverence for theking.... (Art History Anthology 28). Moreover, the reliefs overwhelmthe viewer by depicting the kings power and god-like divinity throughpropagandistic iconography and stylization.To portray the kings god-like divinity,the reliefs introduce the deities and Assurnasirpal in a similar manner.First of all, hierarchic scale is almost absent since all the figures areclosely related in size, with Assurnasirpal being precisely meagrely shorterthan the deities. In historical context, this shows that Assyriankings were closely associated with deities, but were not considered godsthemselves. This lack of hierarchic scale is also seen in the LionHunt of Assurbanipal, where king Assurbanipal is shown slightly largerthan his servants.Secondly, the deities and Assurnasirpalare similar in stance and stylization. All the figures have theirhead and legs shown in prof ile, while the torso is shown halfway frontal.In addition, the figures maintain a stiff vertical stance with their armsextended in either straight lines or are stiffly bent into a ninety-degreeangle. In the thirdly panel, both a winged deity and Assurnasirpalare depicted facing towards the right with their left feet forward however,in contrast, the human headed genius and the griffin ... ...a parallelmanner with intertwining branches, stylized leaves, and a fan of leavesabove the trunk. The winged geniuses are fertilizing the sacred tree witha date blossom in their right make pass and holding a sacred bucket in theirleft. In addition, panel three shows a winged deity following Assurnasirpalwith his right hand embossed over the king in a gesture of benediction anddivine protection (Art History Anthology 28). By placing these reliefsin his antechamber and living room, Assurnasirpal emphasizes the sacred suit of the Assyrian king, elected by the gods, although not himselfof divine substance (Frankfort 87).In conclusion, we find that the reliefsfrom the palace of King Assurnasirpal II play an important role in exhibitingthe power and importance of the king. While an Assyrian kings powercan be depicted is a war-like manner by his military might, we learn thatceremonial reliefs are also efficient by placing the king in relationto gods. The power and importance of the king is shown through a peacefulmanner that highly contrasts the scenes of death and fighting give insuch reliefs as the lion hunt of Assurbanipal and the battle scene of Assurnasirpal.

Heating Commodities Essay -- essays research papers

Heating CommoditiesBack in the middle of October, the price of natural-gas had risenbecause a gas company was forced to shut drink down a pipeline due to the need forrepairs. This impending shortage led to the decrease in prices for otherheating commodities, as well as big profits. The involve for energy wasbecoming greater and greater because it was that time of year when consumersbegan storing energy in their homes to prepare for the cold winter months ahead.The four commodities mentioned in this article, fierce oil, heating oil,gasoline and natural gas are all substitutes for one another. This is truebecause the cross elasticity of demand states that as the percentage change inthe quantity demanded of one commodity results from a one percent change in theprice of another commodity. In other words, the increase in demand for crudeoil, gasoline, and heating oil was the outcome of the price increase in naturalgas.As shown in the graph below, the cross elasticity of demand is co unt on(positive). As the price of natural increases, the quantity demanded for thethree other energy commodities increase.The market system today functions on price. Consumers make theirdecision on what to vitiate by the price of their desired good. Naturally,consumers will choose the lower price of a commodity they wish to purchase.This is why consu...

The Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy :: T.S. Eliot Essays

Love of Life and worship of Death in the Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy twain T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy have experienced difficulty and hardship in carriage. Eliot lived through two world wars and Maddy struggled with oppression and poverty exploitation up in his homeland of sierra Leone. These sustenance experiences are reflected in their writing. Both of these writers present the reader with the model of charitable mortality in such(prenominal) a way that not moreover is the fear of final stage prevalent in their work, but also the love of life.Mortal exhalation was more than plainly a threat at the time T.S. Eliot wrote The Waste shore. Written in the years following the Great War, today known as valet War I, the destruction and the loss of human life was a very real concept for T.S. Eliot and the rest of the world. When people were shown just how impermanent human life was, they placed a higher nourish on living. As transient examples, Eliot cite s great and powerful cities of the past such as Jerusalem, Athens, and Alexandria to exemplify the impermanent character of life. In the same way that a person will eventually die, Eliot says that all great cities will crumble. This mentality suggests that death is an all-powerful force that cannot be escaped by anyone or anything. When this life lesson is accepted, the readers are left feeling helpless to control their own paths of life. The fragmented style in which the poetry is create verbally leaves the reader feeling lost and vulnerable. The poem leaps from scene to scene and even from language to language. Although the actual subject matter of the scenes is unrelated, the same themes appear throughout the poem. cheerless themes such as life without love, instability in life, and the premature end of life are presented to the reader in a way showing how from each one of the aspects of life, though difficult to accept, are prerequisite for life to exist. The main theme pr esented in Eliots poem shows that death is a part of life. Eliot points out that until death occurs, rebirth and transformation cannot take place. The concept that death is a necessity is a very difficult concept to accept, leaving the reader let down. The fragmented and disillusioned feelings the reader receives from reading The Waste Land mimics the emotions felt by the world after the war.The recurring sensory images that Eliot uses appeal to the readers fear of the loss The Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy T.S. Eliot EssaysLove of Life and Fear of Death in the Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu MaddyBoth T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy have experienced difficulty and hardship in life. Eliot lived through two world wars and Maddy struggled with oppression and poverty growing up in his homeland of Sierra Leone. These life experiences are reflected in their writing. Both of these writers present the reader with the concept of human mortality in such a way that not only is the fear of death prevalent in their work, but also the love of life.Mortal loss was more than just a threat at the time T.S. Eliot wrote The Waste Land. Written in the years following the Great War, today known as World War I, the destruction and the loss of human life was a very real concept for T.S. Eliot and the rest of the world. When people were shown just how impermanent human life was, they placed a higher value on living. As transient examples, Eliot cites great and powerful cities of the past such as Jerusalem, Athens, and Alexandria to exemplify the impermanent nature of life. In the same way that a person will eventually die, Eliot says that all great cities will crumble. This mentality suggests that death is an all-powerful force that cannot be escaped by anyone or anything. When this life lesson is accepted, the readers are left feeling helpless to control their own paths of life. The fragmented style in which the poem is written leaves the reader feeling lost and vulnerable. The poem leaps from scene to scene and even from language to language. Although the actual subject matter of the scenes is unrelated, the same themes appear throughout the poem. Depressing themes such as life without love, instability in life, and the premature end of life are presented to the reader in a way showing how each of the aspects of life, though difficult to accept, are necessary for life to exist. The main theme presented in Eliots poem shows that death is a part of life. Eliot points out that until death occurs, rebirth and transformation cannot take place. The concept that death is a necessity is a very difficult concept to accept, leaving the reader disillusioned. The fragmented and disillusioned feelings the reader receives from reading The Waste Land mimics the emotions felt by the world after the war.The recurring sensory images that Eliot uses appeal to the readers fear of the loss

Money and Power Dont Bring Happiness Essay -- Happiness Essays

AbstractDo people who live in more veritable and wealthier countries find more happiness than people in lesser developed countries? This paper analyzes the results of happiness between two sets of countries that fall on opposite sides of the industrialisation and democratization scale. The results show that people between the two sets of countries are equally happy. It also shows that people in both sets of countries also are equally potential to be happy when finding things like family or friends important. As it turns out, happiness has little to do with GDP or wealth income of ones country. In the second part of the study, happiness does not change much as a country industrializes. The author explores the point to industrialization and democratizing given one of the chief(prenominal) goals of government should be happiness of their people. Review of the LiteratureIt is a generally accepted idea that when countries industrialize, they improve living conditions for everyone in the country most significantly the rural poor. Britian was the first country to industrialize over a century ago, now each country that wishes to follow Britians example must utilize more state intervention. Resources and workers must be moved from rural agriculture to urban life in factories. This theory is known as the Gerschenkronian collective dillema and suggests that countries should call for to industrialize and do it quickly with government coercion. Along with more state intervention in the domestic markets, industrialization also includes opening up a countries markets to international free trade. Theories introduced centuries ago by Adam Smith and other neoclassical economists state that countries will be able to increase wealth and thoroughgoing(a) do... ... of Gandhi. This speech reflects some of the views of Gandhi, himself, such as the lack of need for material items. Overall, this speech illuminates the idea that people must find inner happiness and im precate less of the material world around them to get by.http//www. prosperity.com// (prosperity index)This post talks about the different countries they have analyzed throughout the years. They use a prosperity index by Legatum Institute to figure out and rank the different countries in the world. This index ranks countries according to economy, health, personal freedom and etc. The index shows that diminutive countries like (Norway) can be small and not so developed but have very happy people. It goes to show that happiness is not bring home the bacon by working more hours but by having more hours with close friends and family. http//www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp

Free Speech Should Not be Restricted -- Argumentative Persuasive Argum

Free Speech Should Not be RestrictedI have an idea How about we let everyone freely intercommunicate their minds about issues and ideas. Some will be better than others will of course, but the outcome will be a compilation of everyones best thoughts. Everyone that is, provided you. We, meaning the country, decided that whatever it is that you have to say isnt all that important and it is recommended that you keep all your thoughts to yourself as it is hard not to be nauseated to everyone at the same time. By offensive I mean to displease someone. In general, no one really likes what you have to say. Therefore it has been decided that you and alone you will be silenced.If all mankind minus one, were of one opinion, and only one person were of the contrary opinion, mankind would be no more justify in silencing that one person, than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind. John Stuart Mill could not have been more correct in his statement, using the origina l paragraph as an example. Walking into any airport, post 9-11, a series security checks is nec...

Free Speech Should Not be Restricted -- Argumentative Persuasive Argum

Free Speech Should Not be RestrictedI have an idea How about we let everyone freely speak their minds about issues and ideas. Some will be better than others will of course, but the outcome will be a compilation of everyones best thoughts. Everyone that is, except you. We, meaning the country, decided that whatever it is that you have to say isnt all that important and it is recommended that you keep all your thoughts to yourself as it is hard not to be offensive to everyone at the same time. By offensive I mean to displease someone. In general, no one really likes what you have to say. accordingly it has been decided that you and only you will be silenced.If all mankind minus one, were of one opinion, and only one person were of the contrary opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person, than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind. John Stuart Mill could not have been more correct in his statement, using the first paragraph as an example. Walking into any airport, post 9-11, a series security checks is nec...

Mock Exam Constitutional Law B

Constitutional Law Exam (Pr dressice) N. B. The questions in this exam are taken, in part, from the tutorial questions that expanded. query One The Commonwealth government passes a tax act on coal which is 10% tax on the exchange of coal. The act also deals with regulations on the way coal is mined in states. If a coal company heeds all the regulations the government will affix the sum of funding given to the States for all its projects. The tax will increase the price of coal sold interstate as the companies attempt to offset the tax increase.The act also provides provisions for new mining companies that set up in country towns will pay only 7% of the tax this is part of its decentralized sustainable planning policy. To encourage mass to go and work in these country towns and to encourage other businesses also the act adjusts the income tax rate for people who work in the mines and live in the country. It also prescribes a reduction in HECS and education costs for miners wi th children who attend university/school. Is there a ear of provide to support these laws? If yes, Is the Act constitutionally well-grounded?Issues for concern Multi-characterisation S 51(20) Corporations position trading corporation Adamsons activities test etc. S 51(1) Trade and Commerce. S 51(2) Taxation power. S 51(39) Incidental Power. Constitutional Limitations S 51(2) does it discriminate between States? s51(2) issue of non-coal mining tax compared to coal mining states Tasmania v Queensland Regulations cleaner engine room more funding from federal government gives preference to mining States Tasmania v Queensland possible breach of s 99? The coal tax act essential deal exclusively with tax anything else regulations shall prevail no action s 55. So notwithstanding s 99 breaches may have no effect through s 55 anyway. Section 92 in effect the laws impact on the absolutely free intercourse of trade between states increase in prices. Section 117 tax reduce d to 7% or new business setting up in country towns adjustment of income tax evaluate in for country towns and educational benefits discrimination between the residences of States. nous Two The Federal Government makes a regulation in the immigration legislation in relation to that claiming refugee status. It states that the applications of those who come from Middle easterly countries should not be processed for six months. The Government argues these rules are necessary because the situation in those countries is unsettled, and it is difficult for them to mighty assess claims of persecution at this time.The new regulations also prevent the renewal of all working visas for Middle Eastern people, and require immediate deportation of people whose visas have expired. The new regulations also require that those of Islamic faith (from Middle-Eastern countries) must identify themselves with a patch sewn on their clothes and any mosque must be registered with the Australian Federal Po lice. The regulations prescribe that the accounting books of these mosques are audited every two months.There has been a great deal of protest over these new laws and so the government has also passed regulation that attempts to retard the more aggressive protestors by imposing mandatory prison sentences for those people cause grievous bodily defame to police officers in protesting, or cause damage to cars/buildings or other property. Is there a head of power to support these laws? If yes, Is the Act constitutionally valid? Issues for concern Multi-characterisation S 51(19) Alien power. S 51(26) Race. S 51(2) Emigration or Immigration. S 51(39) Incidental Power. S 51(6) Defence Power (not an issue for the exam but noteworthy). Constitutional Limitations Breach of freedom of religion s 116. Implied freedom of political communication Possibly an issue of Separation of Powers Kable (not an issue for the exam but noteworthy). Question Three The Federal Government makes regulat ion to stimulate the economy and then begins issue handouts to business in the Eastern States, as well as Eastern State Governments.They argue that because Eastern States contribute the most to our economy their economies are more important coming out of a recession. Is there a head of power to support these laws? If yes, Is the Act constitutionally valid? Issues for concern Multi-characterisation S 96 Grants to the States. S 81 Appropriations head of power for this section S 51(20) Corporations power trading corporation Adamsons activities test etc. S 51(1) Trade and Commerce. S 51(39) Incidental Power. Constitutional Limitations Section 99 preference to States. Section 117 residence. Question Four (Essay Question) Are rights in Australia sufficiently covered by the Constitution even when rights have been provided for right to trial by jury they have been narrowly construed to circumvent their application? Should this happen? Is a bill of Rights need in our constitutiona l regime? Are implied rights sufficient. Discuss with reference to examples.

Frito Lay Sun Chips Case Study Essay

1. How would you characterize the snack chip category and Frito-Lays competitive position in this category? The snack chip category is growing, mainly because of the increased per capita consumption, which rose from about 12 pounds in 1986 to nearly 14 pounds in 1990. The snack chip category consists of three types of competitors topic, regional and private brand firms. The food market is very competitive and difficult as many as 650 youthful ingatherings are introduced every social class, but less than 1% of them generate more than $25 million in first-year gross r eventideue. Frito-Lay is a national brand and a worldwide leader in the manufacturing and market of snack chips. Frito-Lay accounts for 13 percent of gross revenue in the US snack food industry. Frito-Lays market contribution is 50% of the snack chips category, and and eight of its snack chips are among the top-10 best-selling chip items in US supermarkets. Furthermore, Doritos and Ruffles are the only snack chip s with $1 billion in retail sales in the world.2. What specific challenges and risks does Frito-Lay face in marketing SunChips and what are the implications of each? The following are many of the specific challenges and risks that Frito-Lay faces in marketing SunChips and the implications of each * There are a relatively large number of rivals a lot of competition. * There is a large number of substitute brands/chips a lot of competition. * Consumers are very price sensitive so brands are competing on price detrimental. * There are a few barriers to entry, and existing entrants hurt better access to distribution channels than new ones.* Tried healthy snacks and failed risky strategy.* New brand name is a departure from known name.* Cannibalization is a concern.* Frito Lay strategy differentiator, line extensions, new products to address needs.3. What insights can be emaciated from Frito-Lays prior experience with multigrain snacks? As mentioned before, the snack chip market is incredibly competitive. With as many as 650 new products entering the product every year and less than 1% reaching a sustainable sales mark of $25 million, it is rare to find a successful one. Frito-Lay first toyed with multigrain snack chips in the 1970s, when research indicated a need for a snack in this category. Prontos, waived in 1974 and distributed for four years, werent incredibly well received. While a lack of success is attributed to a confusing name, poor manufacturing and too narrow a market, Dwight Riskey, VP of food marketing Research and New Business, admits that he is not sure there were dramatic things wrong with the product design . It may have been invented and introduced before its time.This notion was reflected in the Harvest Project in the early 1980s, when Frito-Lay developed several multigrain products to attempt and have a possible healthy alternative to saltier snack foods for the baby-boomer generation. lacklustre response caused the project to stall into the mid 80s as focus was put on developing new flavors and healthier alternatives in other brands. Development for the product now under the Sun Chips brand picked up in 1988. Consumer probeing found a few variations of the Sun Chip that were perceived by test markets as both healthy and as everyday snacks a factor necessary to the long term success of the snack. Ultimately, they had to wait until the right time to release the product. The market was slowly gaining health consciousness as baby-boomers matured and desired healthier alternatives to their snack foods. Early attempts were just that too early.4. What conclusions can be drawn from research on SunChips consumer acceptance and sales potential prior to the Minneapolis-St. Paul test market? The results from the premarket test were not at all what Frito-Lays executives had initially expected. Consumers preferred the SunChip name, duration the most popular flavors were Natural and French Onion. After the trial, Sunchips had the potential to be an everyday snack. The results from the premarket test indicated that the Sun Chips Multigrain Snacks would sell a total sales volume of $113 million during its first year on the market. Included in this sales volume is a $22 million advertising and merchandise expenditure. That being said, $113 million far exceeds the $100 million sales performance goal for which Frito-Lay initially planned.There is also less potential for product cannibalism at 42%. The Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota metropolitan area was chosen because executives believed it to be a strong social and economic representation of the US as a whole. in the main speaking, this area also represented a standard environment in which consumer acceptance of products and competitive behavior both could be measured accurately. Ultimately, 2.2% of American households that tucker these types of chips reside within this metropolitan area. Thus, according to the research on SunChips consumer acceptance and sales potential prior to the test market, it would be highly advised for Frito-Lay to outride exploration with this product, and proceed to more advanced stages of product testing.5. What is your assessment of the SunChips test market results? Promotion/Advertising As a result of the Premarket Test, Frito-Lay is allocating a $22 million advertising budget for Sun Chips. 70% of this budget$15.4 millionis to be used within the first 6 months of the test market. The advertising pith will convey subtle positive messages, including wholesomeness, fun and simplicity. Television commercials emphasizing smarter because theyre multigrain will be shown in order to appeal to the health-oriented consumer segment while depicting the product as unique.In-store displays and free-standing inserts in newspapers will support the advertising campaign, while coupons placed in newspaper free-standing inserts will stimulate trial and recap sales during the test market Price and Sales Projected an nual sales in the snack chip category amount to half of the market share or about $5 billion. Sales are projected to grow at a 4-5% rate annually due to an increase in per capita consumption. Sun Chips carries a selling price to retailers of $0.385 for the 2.25 ounce package, $1.240 for the 7 ounce package, and $1.732 for the 11 ounce package. The weighted-average price amounts to $0.16 per ounce sold, with 15% of purchases in the Test grocery store going towards the 2.25-ounce package, 47% to the 7-ounce package, and 38% to the 11-ounce package. With this average price-per-ounce of $0.16, first-year sales on a national level as represented by the Test Market will amount to $82,866,894 for Sun Chips. Decisions/Alternatives1. Decide not to launch Sun Chips2. Continue to test the product and risk having a competitor launch a similar product nationally or regionally 3. Expand and launch a national introduction, requiring adequate manufacturing capacity Strategies1. Increase advertisin g and merchandising outlay to either test further or launch nationally 2. Introduce a larger package size 3. Build the household usurp and prudence of repeat business by introducing a flavor extension (mild cheddar)6. Given your assessment of the test market results, what actions should Dwight Riskey recommend to Frito-Lays top executives? We believe that Riskey should devour the flavor extension strategy while continuing to test the product for another 6 months. The extension would increase the repeats per repeater to an average of 3.5 times per year instead of 3 times per year due to greater variety for consumers. This will increase expected national sales from $82,866,894 to $90,984,446, or $8,117,552 closer to the familiaritys $100 million goal.The introduction of another flavor could increase the cannibalization rate from 30% to 35%. This, however, actually amounts to only 23% cannibalization because 1/3 of this cannibalized volume stems from Doritos which have the same su ggested retail price as Sun Chips. Adding another flavor will also increase brand awareness (33%) even further past the successful OGradys brand awareness of 28% before the product can be released on a national scale. In taking more time to test the product and by adding another flavor, Frito-Lay can increase first-year sales by building repeat business, as well as increase brand awareness to assure they reach their goal of $100 million in first-year sales.

Level of Awareness of BSTM Students Essay

This chapter is divided into five move (1) Background and Theoretical manikin of the Study, (2) educational activity of the Problem and Hypothesis, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5) Delimitation of the Study.Part One, Background of the Study and Theoretical Framework of the Study, presents the rationale for choosing the problem and the Theoretical Framework upon which choose was anchored. Part Two, Statement of the Problem and the Hypotheses, states the main and the specific problems of the research including the hypotheses. Part Three, Significance of the Study, cites the benefits that whitethorn be derived from the findings of the investigation.Part Four, Definition of Terms, gives the conceptual and operational meanings of the primary(prenominal) terms used in the ruminate.Part 5, Delimitation of the Study, specifies the scope and coverage of the study.Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study windowpane oyster is a 1st screen province of the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region. It is dubbed to be rich in sea food products, and more likely to the brilliant windowpane oyster shell that is produced here, make them as a decorative lantern, windows, vases, etc. Aside from this, the obligation of window oyster also holds good fishing grounds and a major contributor in the aquamarine industry of the Philippines. To add, there be more to this in window oyster, with protected minerals, limestones, and gold from unexplored caves. (Captivating Capiz Brochure) Capiz is known for its seafood, but apart from that Capiz has a lot more to offer. Talking of many things to offer we have cultural, we have religious, we have food or palate heritage and close on the whole of we have our own built heritage.Traditionally, it is classified as intangible or tangible, movable or immovable, natural or cultural, personal or communal. Usually, heritage is sensed as something without use or practical value and has no r eturn of investment. Moreover, some view its preservation as something contrary to modernization, westernization or globalization, which are concepts equated with development. (Zerrudo) Nowadays, the Province of Capiz nurtures the aesthetic beauty of the places. Several major events have been venue in the Province of Capiz and making this as a promotion to the create province. Culinary tourism is now one of the boast of the province but to enhance the developing place several of the heritages are now open to the prevalent for educational concludes and awareness. Apparently, the Province of Capiz also treasures the heritage of both ecological and cultural areas it may be tangible of intangible aspects of heritage.So much of Capiz contributed to the History of the Republic of The Philippines, many of the prominent persons came from the Province that made a great change to the renewal of the country, and many of the places have been preserved for the commemoration of the storey tha t has happened in the place. hereditary pattern conservation is action taken to sustain the value, meaning and significance of cultural resources from the historical, for the use of the present and inspiration of future generations. And all decisions of conservation are based on the significance and meaning, the core value of a heritage resource. There are various types of significance much(prenominal) as historical, architectural, aesthetic, eldritch or social. It is established through physical, oral and archival research and study and is embodied in the place itself, its fabric, a setting, use, associations, meanings, records, related places and related objects (Australia ICOMOS, 1999).Heritage conservation is about security measures and promotion of heritage significance or making heritage meaningful to the society. (Zerrudo) Heritage conservation maintains links with our past by preserving important structures, historical and cultural sites and settings. Our built her itage is evidence of our political history and socioeconomic development it reflects our shared values, and is tangible proof of Filipino excellence and creativity. This study is focused on examining how touristry Students of Filamer Christian University are aware of the preservation of heritage sites in the Province of Capiz. Figure 1 shows the framework of the study.INDEPENDENT proteanDEPENDENT VARIABLEFigure 1. The participants assessment of awareness of the heritage sites and the preservation process of the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz as influenced by certain personal factors.Statement of the Problem and the Hypotheses This study aimed to determine the perceived aim of awareness of the Tourism Students of Filamer Christian University towards the heritage sites and the preservation process. Specifically it sought to answer the succeeding(a) questions 1. What is the level of awareness towards the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz are as assessed by the partic ipants taken as an blameless group and classifies jibe to (a) age. (b) sex, (c) year level, (d) partition? 2. What is the level of awareness of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management in Protecting and Preserving the Heritage Sites of Capiz and participants are taken as an entire group and classifies according to (a) age, (b) sex, (c) year level and (d) district?3. Are there significant differences in the level of awareness towards the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz are as assessed by the participants taken as an entire group and classify according to (a) age. (b) sex, (c) year level, (d) district? 4. Are there significant differences in the level of awareness of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management in Protecting and Preserving the Heritage Sites of Capiz and participants are taken as an entire group and classify according to (a) age, (b) sex, (c) year level and (d) district? 5. Are there significant relationships among the level of awareness towards the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz are as assessed by the participants taken as an entire group and classify according to (a) age. (b) sex, (c) year level, (d) district? In view of the aforementioned problems, the following hypotheses were advanced1. There is no significance differences in the level of awareness towards the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz are as assessed by the participants taken as an entire group and classifies according to (a) age. (b) sex, (c) year level, (d) district. 2. There is no significance differences in the level of awareness of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management in Protecting and Preserving the Heritage Sites of Capiz and participants are taken as an entire group and classifies according to (a) age, (b) sex, (c) year level and (d) district. 3. There is no significance relationships among the level of awareness towards the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz are as assessed by the participantstaken as an entire group and classifies accordi ng to (a) age. (b) sex, (c) year level, (d) district.Significance of the StudyThe burdens of this study may be expert to the following Provincial tourism office. The result of this study may be beneficial to the provincial tourism office in developing the Province of Capiz as a tourist destination. Local government units. The local government units may use the findings from this research as a guide to develop the heritage sites in the Province of Capiz.Local businessmen. Local businessmen may find the result of the study useful in customizing products to satisfy the needs of the tourist. Colleges and universities. The results of the study may provide insights to school administrators, especially those offering hospitality management programs in promoting community awareness and helping the Province of Capiz boosts its local tourism.Researchers. The investigation may greatly help other future researchers who wish to replicates this study.Definition of TermsFor the purpose of clarit y and precision, important terms in this study were precondition their conceptual and operational meanings Awareness Heritage a broad concept that includes tangible assets, such as a natural and cultural environment, encompassing landscape, historic places, sites and built environment as well as intangible assets such as collections, past and continuing cultural practices, knowledge, and living experiences (ICOMOS 1999).preservation is the maintenance of something, especially something of historic value, in an unchanged condition.Protection is the act of preventing somebody or something from being harmed or damaged, or state of being kept safe. (Microsoft Encarta 2009. 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved).Chapter 2Review of Related LiteratureA lot has been written about heritage tourism. Richards (1996 2000) for shell views tourism as heritage it is one of the most powerful modern traditions. In a broad view, he connects heritage tourism with the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, gives the profile of cultural and heritage tourists and explains current trends and future directions of this type of tourism. Poria (2001) challenged the present approach to heritage tourism researching specifically the tourists perception of the site spell subgenus Chen (1988) examines travel motivation of heritage tourists. Masberg and Silverman (1996) deal with visitor experiences at heritage sites. Bauman (1995) wrote about politics of historical representation of the heritage. The importance that must be given to local landscapes in the planning of cultural and/or historical attractions is the subject of Teos and Yeohs (1997) study on remaking local heritage for tourism.The agnomen of the Herberts (1995) book Heritage, Tourism and Society reveals a broader approach to the issue although it is of a greater value to the heritage manager than the tourism practitioner since it relates in general to exploration of the concept of heritage and its troublesome connections with tourism. Boniface and Fowler (1993) write about heritage and tourism in the global village from the aspect of heritage sites protection assigning responsibilities to each of the actors in the chain. They also write about heritage presentation and interpretation. How museums compete with tourism in the production of heritage is the subject of Kirshenblatt-Gimbletts book Destination Culture Tourism Museums, and Heritage. The authors of the book reviewed here have previously also written a lot about the subject focus on some of the aspects presented in the book in a more integrative way.The previous list is only an excerpt from the existing literature on heritage tourism and shows how hot this subject has been for more than a decade. Still, the authors mainly focus on one or two aspects of heritage tourism while the book Heritage Tourism probably for the first time provides a comprehensive review of the main issues and concepts relating to the subject. It considers t he area broadly to include culture and nature in both urban and rural contexts, and presents an in-depth discussion of important global issues. Its inclusive approach to heritage as well to cultural tourism is of a great value since most of other texts focus only on one aspect of the heritage (for ex. built heritage, natural heritage). (Timothy & Boyd, 2003)Cultural heritage, whether built or living, is one of the most salient elements of the global tourism system. Many destinations rely almost entirely upon art, culture and built patrimony for their economic well-being and most devout non-heritage destinations have some elements of culture that can be shares with visitors as part of the tourism product mix. More places, such as some Caribbean islands, are beginning to realize heritage as a potential tool for diversifying their tourism economics.Heritage tourism encompasses all elements of human past and the visitor experiences and appetite associated with them. Serious heritage t ourist seeks meaningful, educational or spiritual experiences, or a combination of these. (Timothy, 2011)Chapter 3Research Design and MethodologyThis chapter has three parts (1) Purpose of the Study and Research Design, (2) Methods, and Data Analysis Procedure.Part One, Purpose of the Study and Research Design, restates the purpose of the study, describe the research design, and clarifies the variable usedData-gathering legal instrumentTwo (2) data gathering instruments used in the study were in the powerfulness of Heritage Sites and the Preservation and Protection process. The questionnaires were taken at face value. Index of heritage sites (IHS). The Index of Heritage sites determined the awareness level of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management of Filamer Christian University. The Index of Heritage Sites and the Preservation and Protection process contained two columns. The first column contains the statement of awareness, while the second column requires the participants in dicate the importance of different measurement items related to train of Awareness of the existing Heritage Sites of the province of Capiz. The following scores and descriptions were usedScoreResponse4 Conscious Competence3 unconscious mind Competence2 Unconscious Incompetence1 Conscious Incompetence

Oil Use in Latvia

Executive sum-up oil color as a natural resource is widely utilise across the universe in fabricating new(prenominal) of effect merchandises. United petroleum in Latvia is hotshot of the taking companies in the industry of petroleums and other petroleum merchandises, which is find in Baltic part. The company was set up in 1994, and for about 20 old ages, this company is celebrated and good known when it comes to the production of anoints, petrochemicals, lubricators and dozenss of oils. The routine of oil has increased in Latvia, and this is the ground for high production. However, it is of import that the company realizes the jobs created by the industry of oil and the impacts that oil has to the environs. Example, development of oil has twain frugal and societal jobs to the society. In add-on, it is in addition of import to understand the positive consequence that oil has on the society in footings of trade and economic development. The most of import hatful is the com pany to understand the positive and the negative consequence that industry of oil goes through before the concluding merchandise. Oil production is connected with progression of pollutants and other volatile organic compounds kindred methylbenzene, xylols and benzine into the ambiance. The most unsafe portion is that exposure to these compounds has important consequence to the wellness of people such as annoyance of the eyes, respiratory system and tegument.Overview of the subjectIt is of import that Latvia understands oil is a natural resources, which is at hazard of development. The usage of oil production of oil in Latvia has been on addition due to its major applications in the part.However, the usage of oil has been influenced by engineering such as transit, municipal usage, and other contraptions in the state. As a consequence of increasing utilizations of oil and the increasing demand, oil has become one of the trading resources in Latvia. This is be move in that locatio n is an available market for this merchandise.The usage of oil in Latvia has been increasing for the past 10 old ages. However, the usage of oil was high in 2012 and 2013. The following tabular array shows how oil was used in diverse sectors Latvia.201220132013 as % of2012Transformation sector*49 54043 29492.3Industry34 89933 54298.0Conveyance50 93751 01197.2Agribusiness, forestry6 0965 77197.3However, the inhalation of oil sometimes remained stable, until the industries like agribusiness, fishing, conveyance were expanded. Initially, the size of these industries merely used a little sum of oil.The domestic usage of oil has been worsening over the old ages, while the usage of oil in other sectors has been bettering.In 2011, the production of oil reduced significantly in the company. As a consequence, about the whole sum of oil used that twelvemonth was imported due to deficits.Oil has besides shaped Latvia concern in some(prenominal) another(prenominal) ways that resulted to th e enlargement of the market.In 2013, Latvia joined Eurozone, which ordain assist in economic growing.The production of oil in Latvia has besides resulted to enlargement of concern in Latvia.The occurrence that Latvia trades with other states, this has expanded concern dealingss with other states like Russia.It is of import to observe that Latvia depends about 100 % on imported oil, which is imported from Russia.Russia has been the chief manufacturer of oil for many old ages, and imports a big per centum of oil across the universe.In Russia, oil is found in most parts like Western Siberian. However, the worst portion is that these parts have been exploited from 1970s.As a consequence, the production of oil has reduced to 1/3 of the original oil produced. The development of resources has influenced the economic system both socially and economically. This includes deficiency of occupations and decrease of the GDP that affects the growing of the economic system. On the other side, the development of oil agencies that the production reduces significantly. Therefore, the monetary values of oil became significantly high in Latvia, which increased the cost of production in companies and the cost of merchandises. Additionally, high monetary values are besides a major cause of high criterions of life.Further, the development of resources has besides caused environmental effects like pollution.Key WordssThere are several dustup that go away be used to depict the findings in this undertaking. These words include Pollution- This is a term that will be used to depict the effects of oil to the environmentGDP- this will depict the consequence that oil has on arrant(a) Domestic ProductCost of living- This will specify the effects that oil has on life conditions in LatviaProduction cost- This term will depict how oil has influenced the cost of bring forthing other merchandises.Exploitation-This will specify the badness of oil usage, which will specify how the beginning of oil has been utilized.FindingssThe industry of oil has existed in Latvia for many old ages. The job is many states produce oil without recognizing the consequence that oil has to the environment. In add-on, other companies are non cognizant about the grandness of prolonging natural resources to avoid development. In most instances, there has been development of resources where resources are over utilised in many states. The ground for development is that these states concentrate on doing money without believing that they should prolong the environment. Oil is one of the natural resources, which is widely used across the universe compared to other resources. For case, Oil United Company in Latvia is the taking company in the production of oil merchandises. However, the chief job is although this company uses oil, it essential be cognizant about the importance of prolonging oil as a natural resource. In add-on, the company must besides be cognizant about the environmental effects cau sed oil industry.This undertaking was to find the usage and production of oil in Latvia. This undertaking was besides aimed at finding the effects of oil to the environment. However, the most of import portion was to find whether the oil is exploited or sustained. Therefore, this undertaking was to educate the companies fabricating oil the importance of prolonging natural resources. This is to fix them for the demand to apparatus other options because natural resources are running out of clip.The overexploitation of oil agencies that shortly, these companies will miss natural stuffs and this will hold an impact on the production of the company and general activities.From this undertaking, there are several findings that will be of import to United Oils company in Latvia.From this undertaking, the undermentioned consequences were recorded Oil is a natural resource that can be exploited easyThe usage of oil in Latvia is high both in industries and for domestic usedOil production cont ributes to environmental pollution through the emanation of harmful substances into the environmentLatvia relies largely on oil from Russia and the development of natural resources in Russia, oil usance in Latvia has reduced.The transit of rough oil from Russia to Latvia besides contributes to environmental pollution.It is of import to do certain there is sustainability of natural resources like oil to cut conquer instances of development. This is due to increasing used of oil in Latvia that has increased the oil imported.It was besides concluded that companies bring forthing oil merchandises pay small attending on the effects of oil, but they merely concentrate on the net income that the company incurs. Thus, United Oils in Latvia pays no attending on the consequence their merchandise has to the environment or development of the resources.It was besides recorded the engineering has played a function in increasing the usage of oil across Latvia. However, the major industries like touristry, fishing, agribusiness, conveyance, and forestry have besides contributed mostly to the usage of oil in Latvia.Reflection/AnalysisExploitation of oil is a serious job that calls for pressing natural process. This is because shortly plenty, oil and its merchandises is traveling to be scarce. This will impact assorted sectors in the economic system like touristry, agribusiness, forestry, and touristry. Therefore, there are high opportunities that the economic system will significantly be effected in footings of growing. Thus, Latvia as a company must take necessary safeguard to command the usage of oil merchandises.The ingestion of oil in Latvia has been on an addition for over 10 old ages.This means that the rate of pollution caused by these merchandises is besides high in Latvia. This calls for an action to guarantee that the effects caused by air are minimized.United Oils Latvia should present new technological ways to do certain that instances of pollution are reduced.G iven the fact that oil has been exploited, this means in the following few old ages this merchandise will non be extracted. Therefore, Latvia must implement other products/ways that could be possible in fabricating oil merchandises.There should be other merchandises that should be encouraged to replace oil, this will assist in cut downing ingestion of oil.Latvia can besides implement particular policies to extenuate the sector of energy. These policies will command the rates of pollution and besides ingestion of oil in the state.MentionsAnon. , 2009.Consumption of energy resources in Latvia. Online gettable at hypertext transfer protocol //www.csb.gov.lv/en/notikumi/consumption-energy-resources-latvia-2011-33346.html Accessed 31 March 2014 .Anon. , 2013.Latvia. Online Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm? fips=lg Accessed 31 March 2014 .Anon. , 2014.Latvia Oil Consumption. Online Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.inde xmundi.com/energy.aspx? country=lv & A product=oil & A graph=consumption Accessed 31 March 2014 .

Dress Shop

Name of the Enterprise The business name matrimony drifts result display a wedding dress fink that will offer the latest and the hottest styles of wedding apparel of the season. localisation The location of the business is at Door 4, 500 Gabaton Building, Elpidio Quirino Avenue, Davao City. The commercial musculus quadriceps femoris measures 514 sq. The space will be rented at P12, 000/month, exclusive of water and electricity expenses. The area is a perfect spot for a wedding dress shop for it is comfortable to find since it is located in the main road. Aside from that, the area is filled with office buildings, inns, schools, and early(a) business entities nearby.Descriptive Definition of the Product unification Trends shall cater to the need of grooms and brides in a comfortable and relaxed setting. In its warm and intimate setting, the Wedlock Trends friendly and knowledgeable bridal consultants are available to help in decision anything that they need for their upcomin g wedding. We offer bridal dresses and all the accessories as closely as fashions required for the rest of the bridal party. Projects Long-Range Objectives Wedlock Trends has been shaped with oneness main objective to provide the bride with the ultimate sleep together in finding the perfect wedding dressIn 2016, Wedlock Trends will create tie-ups with the prominent photo studio and flower shop here in Davao. It will be convenient for our clients for they dont create to waste their duration searching for quality photos and boob tubes as well as fresh and beautifully ar mental imaged flowers. Wedlock Trends will expand and cater other occasions as well. Elegant night gowns, classic dresses, up-to-date mens fount, and a lot more will be added to our collection for parties, de besidess, and other significant events. By doing such, it is expected that the number of employees in any department will be increased as well as the utensilries used in the process.Feasibility Criteria The most fundamental guidelines used to judge the feasibility of the scheme is its marketing aspect and financial aspect. The marketing aspect tells what the project is all about, who the target market is, when is the perfect metre to open the business, where is it located, and how is it going to compete with its competitors. It is also where the motive and supply analysis is, which will be a great criterion. The financial aspect provides the data that shows the projects profitability. It is heavy to know if the project is attainable, feasible, and profitable.Highlights Of The Project History Many young girls dream about what kind of wedding dress theyd like to wear on their special day so we hit thought of creating a project that will certainly be desired by our target market. Its a business that caters not only the needs of a soon-to-be couples but one that fulfills their dreams, to have a unique and remarkable wedding. This is an amazing business which has developed a stron g, distinctive and individual identity with a re fixation for both quality and service very profitable business.This is a delightful business with bridal gowns to suit every style of wedding. It is fantastic opportunity to own a money making business in a very up-market industry. This business is not good a business, it is a life style choice with plenty of fashion. This very good business opportunity provides bridal wear, stocked with a superb range of designer wedding gowns, bridal accessories include jewelry, tiaras, stationery, gifts, to compliment any wedding reception which is excellent for add-on purchases. This is a business opportunity to own and maturate a dynamic business .This is an amazing opportunity for someone who just wants to literally wants to jump straight in and continue the exceptional success achieved. It is a business opportunity that is luxuriouslyly profitable and offers great potential whether h global, national or local aspect. Project Time Table and Status The project is expected to be operational by May 2014. For now, thorough studies and research are being done to carefully analyze its standing once we take down the market. Nature of the Industry The wedding gown industry is one that is made up of multiple smaller enterprises like caterers, wedding consultants, dresses, various eauty suppliers (hair, buzz offup), photographers, favors/brides amahs gifts, music, honeymoon related, etc. While the industry as a whole represents a lot of money, each of the component parts is much smaller some smaller than others. These smaller composite suppliers can be very local and likely will be small and privately owned. Mode of Financing The source of funds of Wedlock Trends that will be used to put up the business is from the contributions of the quatern (4) persons who will be the owner of the dress shop.Each shall contribute P625, 000 for a total of P2, 500, 000. 00. A cash contribution is better than bank loans for it has a lower risk and high interest cost which will result to lower income. Investment apostrophize The funds allocated for this project is P2, 500, 000. 00. The proponents have agreed to form a partnership wherein four (4) persons merge to contribute for the detonating deviceization of Wedlock Trends, with the intention of dividing the profits among themselves. major assumptions and summary of findings and conclusion on the following Market FeasibilityIn our Market Study, we identify who will be our customers, suppliers, and competitor as well as the number of demand that we will gain in the succeeding days. In our data of demand analysis the first socio-economic class show lesser number of demands, it is because Wedlock Trends is naked as a jaybird to the market and customers do not know the business yet. The succeeding eld shows the increasing number of demand, it is because Wedlock Trends formulated a marketing program which to have a flyers, posters and streamers printing for the cus tomer to be aware about the existing of the business. Technical FeasibilityWedlock Trends is a clothing business designed to make wedding gowns, barongs, dinner jackets and cocktail dresses. The business offer readymade dresses aside from made to companionship and customize clothes. The supply is high at that place are umpteen companies who supply such equipment. fiscal Feasibility The Wedlock Trend Dress frequentpe shows an income statement of the cash flows the cash receipts such as profit, salary, capital and so on has an increase every year. It means that the business gaining a profit. For the balance sheet, there is also an increase and the total assets and the total liabilities and owners equity is well balance.For the ratio analysis, the profit ratio has an bonny of 41. 26% means there is a profit of . 43. For the payback capital computation, there is 2. 21, means the capital of the business can be recovered at bottom 2 eld. Socio-economic Feasibility The number of Wed ding dress shop in Metro Davao is rapidly increasing. The more competition, the better it is for the market, because innovation, better products and service will be present. These industries will affect the economy as a whole on a much more scale. It gives employment to those who seeks job. Management FeasibilityThe structure of the business begins with the four (4) persons/partners who are also the owners of the business. The manager will handle the sales, manufacturing and service aspects of the business. In terms of salary scale, the manager will be compensated with minimum charter and the other employees are below the minimum wage. MARKET STUDY Clothing is a beautiful visual demonstration of the social and emotional needs of hoi polloi wearing it. It also portrays in a clearly understood visual manner, what people of different cultures and styles want socially.Fashion, through times, has gone through so many rapid changes and bizarre extremes that it has examples of nearly eve ry kind of clothing function, especially when it comes to wedding attires. The range of Filipino wedding dresses is remarkably wide, according to the vast cultures, geographical differences, purchasing capacities, influence of the western culture, and bewildering diversities of the ethnic groups. One has, therefore, to sift and isolate, and then relate and bring together, the ideas for creating various designs, which can fit in the context of theFilipino style, conservative, foppish yet still in trend. When it comes to the most special day of a couples life, we like to make a personal effort to make it all that it can be. The business will be a full-service wedding dress shop catering to customers who are searching for reasonable quality products at affordable impairments. Our main focus will be quality in every process right from buying stuff, raw material selection, designer selection, secure till the delivery of product to final customer in order to fulfill our goal of custom er satisfaction.We will be providing standardized products as well as customized dresses according to ones needs. Geographical areas of dispersion The location of the business is at Door 4, 500 Gabaton Building, Elpidio Quirino Avenue, Davao City. The commercial space measures 514 sq. The rental price is P12, 000. 00 per month, exclusive of water and electricity expenses. Our Competitors are the Wedding Glamour, Wedding Channel, Wedding Avenue, and Knots ever. Target Market The scope of our wedding dress shop is the people living within Metro Davao with a population of 1,449,296 (National Statistics seat, 2010).To be specific, most of the target market will be composed of couples of ages 18 years old and above, teenagers and young adults in high school and college, and young professionals, who belong to the middle and upper class. The middle class customers are those who have moderate income and have the capability to purchase products and services with high quality. The upper cla ss customers are those who have high income and have the capability to purchase product and services with high quality, and look for luxury. Target Market Age Population Couples 18 64 years old 635,412 Teenagers 13 18 years old 255, 465 Young Adults 20 24 years old 117,083 Young Professionals 25 34 years old 186, 691 Walk-ins 18 64 years old 635,412 Demand Analysis project of the number of the products to be sold. PRODUCTS Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Bridal nightie comprehensive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag Grooms Barong pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) intact Entourage (1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls (1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, (3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) Parents outfits of the couple - parents of the couple free pictures Bronze specific Package = P 20,000. 00 Bridal surgical gown inclusive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag free make up Grooms Barong pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) Whole Entourage (1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls (1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, (3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) Parents outfits of the couple - parents of the couple free pictures free video CD of the wedding Gold especial(a) Package = P 30,000. 0 Bridal Gown inclusive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag free gown and make up Grooms Barong pinya jusi with embroidery (free makeup) free manlike perfume Whole Entourage (1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls (1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, (3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) Parents outfits of the couple - dress & suits for the parents of the couple free pictures free video CD of the wedding Diamond Special Package = P 50,000. 0 Bridal Gown inclusive headdress, 2nd veil, cord, (2) cushions, pouch bag free gown, make up, bouquet Grooms Barong pinya jusi with embroidery (free make up) free male perfume Whole Entourage (1) maid of honor, (3) bridesmaids, (3) flower girls (1) best man barong, (3) groomsmen barongs, (3) bearers (ring, coin, bible) Parents outfits of both couple - dress & suits for the parents of the couple free pictures with album free video CD of the wedding free picture publicity on Mindanao Daily mirror Competitors Analysis Name of Competitor Products/Services Location Store Hours Wedding Glamour Gown & Entourage Package Door 1 Gahol Bldg. , E Quirino900 500pm 1 Bridal Gown w/ accessories Ave. , Davao City 1 Groom Attire 1 wet-nurse of Honor Gown 3 Bridesmaid Gowns 3 Flower miss Gowns w/ handbasket 1 Bestman Barong 3 Groomsmen Barong/Tuxedo 3 attack aircraft carriers Barong/Tuxedo 2 Mother Dress 2 Father Barong Wedding Avenue Gown & Entourage Package Front of Dep-Ed, E. Quirino 900 500pm 1 Bridal Gown w/ accessories Ave. 1 Groom Attire Davao City 1 wet-nurse of Honor Gown 3 Bridesmaid Gowns 3 Flower Girl Gowns w/ basket 1 Bestman Barong 3 Groomsmen Barong/Tuxedo 3 Bearers Barong/Tuxedo 2 Mother Dress 2 Father Barong Wedding Channel Gown & Entourage Package E.Quirino Avenue, Davao City 1 Bridal Gown w/ accessories 1 Groom Attire 1 Maid of Honor Gown 3 Bridesmaid Gowns 800 500pm 3 Flower Girl Gowns w/ basket 1 Bestman Barong 3 Groomsmen Barong/Tuxedo 3 Bearers Barong/Tuxedo 2 Mother Dress 2 Father Barong Knots Forever Bridal Package 1 Bridal Gown 800 500pm 1 Head Dress E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City 1 1st Veil 1 2nd Veil 1 Cord 2 Cushions 1 Groom Barong / Tuxedo Entourage 1 Maid of Honor Gown 1 Maid of Honor Head Dress 3 Bridesmaid Gowns 3 Flower Girls Gown 3 Baskets 1 Best Man 3 Groomsmen Barong 3 Bearers Barong Marketing Program Our means of advertisements are posters and streams printing, through gainworking sites, and fashion shows. Posters and Streamers Printing This can also be a tool for advertising.We can put posters and streamers printing at malls and hotels and restaurants for them to easily recognize our product. Facebook & Multiply Billions of people, foreign or local are users of Facebook. And these people logs in almost everyday for about an second or more. Through Facebook and Multiply, it is easier to reach the right audience. It is easy, convenient, and costs no cent. Newspaper Ads The oldest form of advertising is still an effective way to reach a grand number of people. These ads can do a lot more than just advertise one item or one saleeach one can work really hard to bring in customers, and then bring them back again and again. Theyre a good way to reach a large number of people, especially those aged 45-plus who end to read the paper more frequently than younger demographic groups who tend to get their news from television, radiocommunication or the internet. And we c an target our ads to the appropriate markets by requesting that our ads run in the section(s) that most closely relate to our target audience. MANAGEMENT STUDY Personnel expertise Wedlock Trends will hire one (1) manager, two (2) sewers, two 2 (cutters), two (2) beaders. The descriptions of hiring employees are the following Manager Responsible for maintaining the store in order to ensure residents and visitors have access to necessary supplies and accommodations. Responsibilities make customer services and facilities greet customers and provide assistance maintain cleanliness and order in the store Maintain stock, supplies and inventories take inventory order groceries and supplies mark prices on stock restock shelves Maintain accounts record prices in the log book operate the cash point balance cash receipts make deposits record visa and debit accounts maintain a manual general ledger Qualifications Minimum 3 years of retail management exper ience. More extensive retail experience will be welcomed. Experience in personal information processing system retail setting is preferred, but not mandatory. Must have an interest in fashion and have an eye for art. Strong leadership skills. Ability to effectively teach/develop others to undermentioned level. Good merchandising skills and a flair for conceiving and implementing creative merchandising themes. Strong operations experience in receiving, stock and inventory as well as front-end management and office management. Ability to organize and prioritize multiple tasks in a fast-paced environment. Strong interpersonal, motivational, communication and organizational skills. At least 25 years old Sewer Sewers cut, trim, sew and design clothing and accessories according to the company or clients demand Responsibilities Sew, trim and stitch gowns/suits and other tailored products. Draw and design gowns/suits to present to the company or clients Measure cli ents vital statistics that will use as a physique for the clothes. Sew gowns/suits using sewing machine or other stitching machines. descry finished product and do finishing touches. Hand stitch edges or linings Iron gowns/suits Qualifications Must have taken vocational or short course in tailoring Must have at least 3-5 years experience as a sewer or tailor Knowledge in sewing, both hand and machine sewing Knowledge and ability on different kinds of stitches and design Knowledge in different kinds of cloths Knowledge and ability to sew in different kinds of clothes. Knowledge in fashion designing is a plus Knowledge and ability to design wearable and appealing gowns/suits Ability to use sewing machines. Pattern Cutter Pattern cutters create templates for the kinds of patterns that will be used in clothing lines, based on illustrated designs created by the design department of the fashion company. Responsibilities Cut theoretical accounts or texti les Adjust cutting techniques to types of fabrics and styles of garments. Adjust machine controls, such as heating mechanisms, tensions, and/or speeds to produce specified products. Inspect products to ensure that specifications are met and to determine whether machines require adjustment. Operate machines to cut multiple layers of fabric into parts Qualifications Must have an interest in fashion and have an eye for art. Must have good analytical skills Must be computer literate Must be able to work quickly Beader Beaders are responsible of putting beads and sequins on bridal gowns for accent. Responsibilities Puts beads and sequins on gowns Inspect products to ensure that specifications are met and to determine whether machines require adjustment. Qualifications Must have an interest in fashion and have an eye for art. Preferably with 3 years experience in custom-made formal wear With good moral character and working habit Working Salaries and Benefits Below are the salaries and benefits of the employees. PERSONNEL PHILHEALTH SSS sum of money Manager P 301. 00 every quarter P 225. 00 per month P 9,030. 00 per month-based on minimum P 301. 0 daily Sewer P 205. 00 every quarter P 125. 00 per month P 4,400. 00 per month Cutter Beader NOTE The sewers, cutters, and beaders are not based on minimum wages because they are not yet regulars. Organizational ChartThe organizational chart of Wedlock Trends shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs. As a starting business, Wedlock Trends involve fewer personnel/staff. The manager assumes the leadership roles within the company and will be responsible for the daily operation, over-seeing marketing efforts, buying merchandise, managing inventory and all other administrative duties. The other staffs will assist the owner with assisting the customers and the sewers, cutters, beaders to maintain the dress wil l be good quality to the customers. Gantt Chart Below is the calendar of activities of Wedlock Trends. OOperating Activities Activities Activities Particulars meter Price Acquisition Value Bridal Fabric (local) 5 rolls 125/m P 34,375. 00 Bridal Fabric (imported) 3 rolls 395/m 65,175. 00 Bridal spike (local) 5 rolls 280/m 77,000. 00 Bridal Lace (imported) 3 rolls 550/m 90,750. 00 Pants/Slacks Fabrics 5 rolls 145/m 39,875. 0 Dress/Gown (local) 5 rolls 55/m 15,125. 00 Dress/Gown (imported) 3 rolls 120/m 19,800. 00 Barong 5 rolls 108/m 29,700. 00 Tuxedo 5 rolls 125/m 34,375. 00 Buttons 5 kilos 250/k 1,250. 0 Beads and Sequins 5 kilos 300/k 1,500. 00 Embroidery Threads 5 boxes 360/b 1,800. 00 Embroidery Threads 4 boxes 1320/b 5,280. 00 Needle harbor (kit) 5 boxes 6. 50 32. 50 Sewing Thread 8 boxes 206. 5/b 1,651. 60 Zipper 8 rolls 33 264. 00 Tape Measure 5pcs 4 20. 00 Yard Stick 5pcs 22. 75 113. 75 Garter 7 rolls 315/r 2,205. 00 meat P 420, 291. 85 Office Materials Particular Quantity Price Per social unit Acquisition Value Stapler 2 P 120. 00 P 240. 00 Scissors 3 55. 00 165. 00 Calculator 2 390. 00 780. 0 thumbtacks 4 10. 00 40. 00 extreme P 1,225. 00 Office Supplies Particular Quantity Price Per Unit Acquisition Value Long coupon Bond 1 ream P 168. 00 P 168. 0 Short Coupon Bond 1 ream 158. 00 158. 00 Pencils 15 pcs 6. 00 90. 00 Pens 10 pcs 7. 00 70. 00 Staples 5 boxes 15. 00 75. 00 Folders 50 pcs 6. 00 300. 0 Paper Clips 1 box 25. 00 25. 00 Fastener 1box 35. 00 35. 00 Record Book 1 pcs 89. 00 89. 00 ring-binder Aids 1 box 32. 00 32. 00 Adhesive tape 2pcs 22. 0 44. 00 TOTAL P 1,086. 00 Machineries and Equipment Machine Particulars Quantity Price Life Acquisition Value one-year Depreciation Sewing Machine 3 P 8,995. 00 5 P 26,985. 00 P 5,397. 0 Embroidery Machine 2 12,300. 00 5 24,600. 00 4,920. 00 TOTAL P 10,317. 00 II Equipment Equipment Particular Quantity Price Life Acquisition Value An nual Depreciation Computer Set 1 P 25,000. 0 5 P 25,000. 00 P 5,000. 00 Printer 1 3,500. 00 5 3,500. 00 700. 00 Air Conditioner 1 14,000. 00 5 14,000. 00 2,800. 00 Water Dispenser 1 4,200. 00 5 4,200. 00 840. 00 Body Form 6 2,000. 00 5 12,000. 00 2,400. 0 Working Table 1 3,900. 00 5 3,900. 00 780. 00 Steel Cabinet 1 5,700 5 5,700. 00 1,140. 00 Electric Iron 1 690. 00 - 690. 00 - Ironing Board 1 350. 00 - 350. 00 - Electric Fan 1 1,300. 00 - 1,300. 0 - Clotheslines Stand 5 1,299. 00 - 6,495. 00 - Dress Bag 100 49. 00 - 4,900. 00 - Hangers 20 74. 75/set - 1,495. 00 - Coat Hangers 50 69. 75 - 3,487. 00 - Soft Broom 1 45. 0 - 45. 00 - Trash Bin 1 89. 50 - 89. 50 - Dust Pan 1 25. 00 - 35. 00 - Pail 1 115. 00 - 115. 00 - TOTAL P 87,301. 50 P 13,630. 00 Utilities Consumption Operating Expense Particulars Amount Lease Payment P 24,000. 00 Office Supplies 13,032. 00 Dress Shop Supplies 420,291. 85 bear upon and Maintenance 144,000. 0 Electricity Utilities 5,78 6. 00 Telephone Utilities 11,988. 00 Water Utilities 6,000. 00 TOTAL P 625,097. 85 FINANCIAL STUDY Project constitute Summary Project Cost Summary Amount Capital Expenditure furniture and Fixture P 45,880. 00 Office Equipment 87,301. 50 P 133,181. 50 Direct Expenditures Feasibility Study (preparation) 7,000. 0 Survey 3,000. 00 Partnership Expense 5,750. 00 Permit and Licenses 1,725. 00 Legal Fees 3,500. 00 Insurance 3,500. 0 Advertising Expense 1,930. 00 Office Material 1,225. 00 27,630. 00 Working Capital (1 month) Salaries 26,550. 0 alight and Power Electric Bill (482. 25) Water Bill (500. 00) 982. 25 Communication Telephone (999. 00) 999. 0 Lease Payments 2,000. 00 Repair and Maintenance 12,000. 00 Office Supplies 13,032. 00 Dress Shop Supplies 96,158. 77 151,722. 02 TOTAL 312,533. 2 The total estimated Total Project Cost for WEDLOCK TRENDS is P312, 533. 52. Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe Projection Income St atement For the 1st year until fifth year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Sales (sched. XI) P1,754,400. 0 P2,418,600. 00 P2,891,040. 00 P3,098,400. 00 P3,576,000. 00 Direct Expense 27,630. 00 Salary (sched. VIII) 318,600. 00 321,786. 00 325,003. 86 328,253. 90 331,536. 44 Operating Expense (sched. XII)625,077. 85 643,830. 8 663,145. 09 683,039. 44 703,530. 63 Depreciation (sched. I) 20,806. 00 20,806. 00 20,806. 00 20,806. 00 Earnings Before Income Tax P 783,092. 15 P1,432,177. 82 P1,882,085. 05 P2,066,300. 66 P2,520,126. 93 Tax 274,082. 25 501,262. 24 658,729. 7 723,205. 23 882,044. 43 Net Income P 509,009. 90 P927,724. 56 P1,223,355. 30 P1,343,095. 43 P1,638,082. 50 Assumptions = 3 % Operating Expense per annum 1 % Salary per annum Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe Projection Cash Flows Statement For the 1st year until 5th year Cash Receipts Pre-Operating 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Capt. Contribution P 2,500,000. 00 Sales (sched. XI) - P1,754,400. 0 P2,418,600 . 00 P2,891,040. 00 P3,098,400. 00 P3,576,000. 00 TOTAL P2, 500,000. 00 P1,754,400. 00 P2,418,600. 00 P2,891,040. 00 P3,098,400. 00 P3,576,000. 00 Cash Disbursement Capital Expenditure P 133,181. 0 Direct Expense 27,630. 00 Salary (sched. VIII) - 318,600. 00 321,786. 00 325,003. 86 328,253. 90 331,536. 44 Operating Expense (sched. XII) - 625,077. 85 643,830. 8 663,145. 09 683,039. 44 703,530. 63 Tax - 274,082. 25 501,262. 24 658,729. 77 723,205. 23 Profit - P 509,009. 90 P927,724. 56 P1,223,355. 30 P1,343,095. 43 P1,638,082. 50 Total P160,811. 50 P1,452,687. 75 P2,167,422. 99 P2,712,796. 49 P3,013,118. 4 P3,396,354. 80 Net Cash Flow P2,339,188. 50 P 301,712. 25 P 251,177. 01 P 178,243. 51 P 85,281. 46 P 179,645. 20 Net Cash Flow Beg. - 2,339,188. 50 2,640,900. 75 2,892,077. 76 3,070,321. 27 3,155,602. 73 Cash counterweight Beg. P2,339,188. 50 P2,640,900. 75 P2,892,077. 76 P3,070,321. 27 P3,155,602. 73 P3,335,247. 93 Wedlock Trend Dress Shoppe Projec t Balance Sheet For the 1st year until 5th year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Asset Cash P2,640,900. 75 P2,892,077. 76 P3,070,321. 27 P3,155,602. 73 P3,335,247. 93 Furniture and Fixture 45,880. 00 42,500. 00 39,120. 00 35,740. 00 32,360. 00 (sched.I) Equipment (sched. II) 87,301. 50 66,684. 48 49,288. 50 31,862. 50 11,436. 50 Total Assets P 2,774,082. 25 P 3,001,262. 24 P3,158,729. 77 P3,223,205. 23 P3,382,044. 43 Liabilities & Capital Capital P 2,500,000. 0 P 2,500,000. 00 P 2,500,000. 00 P 2,500,000. 00 P 2,500,000. 00 Taxation 274,082. 25 501,262. 24 658,729. 77 723,205. 23 882,044. 43 TOTAL P 2,774,082. 25 P 3,001,262. 24 P3,158,729. 77 P3,223,205. 23 P3,382,044. 43 Wedlock Trends 4 partners and Capital Contribution of each is Partner 1 P 625, 000. 0 Partner 2 P 625, 000. 00 Partner 3 P 625, 000. 00 Partner 4 P 625, 000. 00 Ratio Analysis Profitability medium Net Income P1,128,253. 54 41. 06% The profit ratio is 41. 06%, means that for every peso of s ales, there is a net profit of P. 41. Average Net Sale P2,747,688. 00 Average Net Income P1,128,253. 54 45. 13% The ratio is 45. 13%, means that for every peso of sales, there is a net profit of P. 45. Owners Equity P 2,500,000. 0 Average Net Profit P1,128,253. 54 36. 30% The contribution of total assets to the net profit is 36. 30% for every peso worth of asset it has a profit of P. 36. Average Total Asset P 3,107,864. 8 Liquidity Average Current Asset P3,006,830. 09 494. 65% The liquidity ratio is 494. 65% or a peso of current liability is supported by P 4. 94 or 5 worth of the current assets Average Current Liabilities P 607,864. 8 Pay Back Capital Parnership Capital P 2,500,000. 00 2. 22 The capital can be recovered within 2 years of appreciation which is favorable. Average Net Income P1,128,253. 54 Schedules Schedule I Furniture and Fixture Furniture and Fixture Particular Quantity Price Life Acquisition Vale A nnual Depreciation Sofa Set 1 P 28,895. 00 5 P 28,895. 00 P 5,779. 00 Office Table w/ Chair 1 7,700. 00 5 7,700. 00 1540. 00 Full Length Mirror 1 2,300. 00 5 2,300. 00 460. 00 Full Length Mirror 2 1,600. 0 - 3,200. 00 - Plastic Chair/Monobloc 6 390. 00 - 2,340. 00 - Jacket Stand 1 995. 00 - 995. 00 - Umbrella 1 450. 00 - 450. 00 - TOTAL P45,880. 00 P 7,779. 00 Schedule II Equipment Equipment

Market Entry Timing Strategy Essay

Empirical study (Robinson and Fornell, 1985) shows that first proposer 20%, early pursuit 17%, and late entrants 13% food market sh be. Robinson (1988) believes that the order of approach alone explain 8.9% of the variation in market shares. It has been shown that the longer the elapsed time between entry of the first mover and that of later entrants, the more(prenominal) opportunities becomes available to the first mover to achieve toll and differentiation emoluments. A longer response time provides the first mover to foster awareness and rill that contribute to category learning and for consumers to integrate into their memory additional information through media and WoM.Lieberman and Montgomery (1988) believe that first-mover favours arise from three primordial sources Technological leadership, pre-emption of assets, and buyer switching costs. Technological leadership provides a learning curve, where unit production fall(a) with cumulative output, which generates a sust ainable cost advantage for the early entrant if learning prat be kept proprietary and the strong pile maintain leadership in market share. If the first-mover has select information, it may be able to purchase assets at market prices below those that will prevail later in the evolution of the market, such as instinctive resources and retailing or manufacturing locations.Where there is room for only a limited number of profitable firms, the first-mover can often select the most invokeive niches and may be able to bring in strategic actions that limit the amount of space available for accompanying entrants. With switching costs, late entrants must invest extra resources to attract customers away from the first-mover firm. Buyer may rationally stick with the first send they encounter that performs the job satisfactorily. Brand verity of this sort may be particularly strong for low-cost convenience goods. Thus, late entrants must have a truly superior product, or else adverti se more frequently or more creatively.Schnaars (1986) implies that the early bird normally catches and retains the worm. Me-too products introduced by later entrants were much more likely to fail. Second entrants obtain on the average only about three-quarters of the market share of the broach, and later entrants are able to capture progressively smaller shares. Consumers tend to know and favour the opening product, they have no reason to experiment with subsequent entries. These cost advantages put later entrants at a competitive disadvantage, and pioneers may be able to get up entry barriers that lock out subsequent entrants. latish entrants can also find that the field is crowded and the market offers little opportunity. However, a well-conceived second-but- bettor entry, backed by aggressive advertising, may be able to slip by the pioneers entry. Later entrants must be better in terms of performance or price, or both, if they are to have any vista of success. Many firms wi th strong market orientation seem to embrace later entry.No one entry strategy proved best in all situations. Primary benefit for the pioneer is to build an unassailable position before later entrants recognize the promise of the market or are willing to take the risks of an early entry. It is most appropriate when find out and reputation are important to the customer, experience effects are important and not easily copied, brand loyalty accrues to the pioneer, and cost advantages can be obtained by early commitment to suppliers and channels. It carriers many risks, because almost every aspect of an emerging market is unknown. Many pioneers end up pursuing false leads that later entrants are able to avoid. Thus it must be willing to commit a great deal of money for R&D and educate customers. The chances of a pioneer getting the product right for the first time are almost nil. One study found that it takes s notwithstanding-spot to eight years on the average before a firm that ent ers a new line of business actually turns a profit.Golder and Tellis (1993) state that for pioneers, consumer-based advantage relate to the benefits that can be delivered from the way consumers first choose and then repurchase the product. The pioneer may become the standard for the product category, and a pioneer can lock-in some customers in categories that have high switching costs. Seventy percent of market leaders are pioneers, and almost half of all pioneers are market leaders. Second firm to enter the market would obtain only 71% as much market share as the pioneer, and third firm to enter would obtain only 58% as much. On the other hand, they believe that if later entrants can leapfrog pioneers with superior technology, positioning, or brand names, firms could better off entering late. Evidence shows that the advantages of being first-in are almost equally balanced by the many pitfalls and disadvantages.Kerin, Vradarajan, and Peterson (1992) state that one can achieve first- mover emplacement by producing a new product, use a new process, and/or enter a new market. They distinguish between two perspectives the economic-analytical and the behavioural. The former indicates that the pioneer creates barriers to entry so it becomes costly for others to follow, this in turn lengthens the lead time, thus enabling the first mover to benefit initially from no competition, and being more experienced once new entrants emerge. From the behavioural view, the first mover communication is more effective and it obtains reputational advantage. Through purchase and trial, customers can become more backward to switch. Similarly, there are economic and behavioural views on market contingencies.From the former perspective, the uncertainty of product demands can lower resource commitments and reduce cost advantage due to scale, but small scale operations are more efficient. A first mover can influence how attributes are valued, define the warning attribute combination, an d ultimately influence consumers preferences to its benefit over later entrants. The industry relies heavily on advertising and marketing, thus early consumer exposures to advertising is even more beneficial. The technology changes quickly, so the legal protection and experience advantage decreases. From the behavioural perspective, products can be easily evaluated before purchase, so the purchase and trial benefits decrease. The cost of evaluating a product and making a purchase mistake is lower, hence switching costs decreases. But when consumers need to invest in special, tie in assets, the switching costs increase.However, following firms may benefit from the ability to free-ride on first-mover investments, resolution of technological and market uncertainty, technological discontinuities that provide gate-ways for new entry, and various types of officer inertia. They can achieve a CA by influencing consumers preferences rather than responding to them, such by moving away from the pioneer and develop a more suited position. Early entrants main benefit is to learn from the pioneers experience, and avoid many of the onerous costs, along with being able to assess the markets reaction to the pioneers entry.Many early entrants have relied on some combination of marketing clout, product enhancement and low-cost production. Later entries can benefit from the passage of time. If the product form is changing rapidly and standardization has not been achieved, the later entrant may be able to leapfrog precedent entrants by introducing a superior product, backed by market clout. The later entrant can gain a sizable share of proven addition marketing by capitalizing on the low-cost production of me-too products. Many foreign companies pursue this strategy. Late entrant is risky when earlier entrants are able to erect entry barriers, or the market is already flooded with products that leave no room for enhancement.Level Brothers Persil entered the tablet detergent m arket as a pioneer, whereby P&Gs Ariel entered as a follower. The former achieved satisfying customers that stuck to the brand, despite low switching costs. It built a brand image that indicated it was the best, it was innovative and technological advanced. It increased customer choice, which could lead to increased satisfaction and loyalty. Persil soon enjoyed large or monopoly market-share in the category, and had potentially highest share after followers enter. Moreover, entering early allowed it to learn from experiences, with more time for trial and error. By entering first, it could create barriers for entry in the retail through shelf-space, and have unornamented on technology. Persil also set rules for competition on features, benefits and added services.It could also set the price value based or cost based, thus deciding the market. Ariel, on the hand, had the opportunity to assess the market profitability upon entrance, and needed less knowledge to educate the market. It could learn from Persils mistakes in terms of pricing, and had less risk to brand equity. Ariel also enjoyed lower R&D costs and could free-ride on Persils effort, in addition to develop a better product. The saved time can be used for optimal positioning. The two competitors were competing heavily on the price per wash, higher and lowering accordingly to each other, starting at 22.0p and 28.0p respectively in 1999, both finishing at 20.0p in 2004, but Ariel did better in the end through learning.In conclusion, one can say that faster entry into the industry does not necessary guarantee absolute competitive advantage. The magnitude of first-mover advantage depends on the degree of fit between the environmental opportunity and the first-movers skills and resources. Market pioneering isnot a strategy that is appropriate for all firms. In organizational reality, firms are more often a later entrant than a pioneer.

History of New York City Essay

When one thinks of New York City, the image the commonly comes to mind is prosperity and wealth. Considering that New York is the financial and media capital of the world, it is no question that it has such an image. However, such prosperity was not always the case and a comprehensive universal whole kit system was required in order to part with the city from economic devastation. Prior to the Great Depression, New York City was control direct by the corrupt political machine Tammany star sign.With the advent of the Great Depression, new York Citys population exploded. Unfortunately, the economy of New York City was negatively affected in the same manner that the rest of the nation and extreme change was required. As such, Tammany Hall was finally thrown out of office and the Mayor Fiorella La Guardia was elected. In order to deal with the problem of economic chaos, La Guardia opted to institute a tote up of public works programs in order to reverse the negative spiral the city was caught.With many major American cities collapsing under the financial strain caused by the Great Depression, President Franklin D. Roosevelt provided a significant volume of national funds to cities in order to aid the economic re-development of the cities. La Guardia jumped on the opportunity for federal official funds and used those federal funds to stimulate a number of jobs for the unemployed. This greatly saved New York City from financial collapse and, ultimately, made Fiorella La Guardia and icon in New York Citys history.Additionally, La Guardia used public works money to develop a system of public trapping and urban renewal. Since much of New York City was poor, many of the neighborhoods had devolved into slums. The aggressive urban renewal campaign was somewhat successful, but not as successful as the job stimulation program that La Guardia instituted. Of course, there will always be negatives on the flipside of any positive venture.With a great deal of public, fede ral money coming into the city, many individuals became overly reliant upon the federal government for prosperity. When the federal government reached its limits in terms of what it could provide, the prosperity of segments of the population stagnated. This ultimately led to a rollback of many of the public works policies during the 1990s Regardless of the success that the public works system may have had in the past, in order for progress to be made in any endeavor, one must move forward.There were a great number of factors that made the public works system a positive benefit for the city of New York from the New Deal era to the 1970s. This does not, however, mean that duplicating the past system would equate to a duplication of success. Sometimes, a radically different approach is required. Former Mayor Gulliani, for example, promoted a system of city governance that was far removed from the public works system of city maintenance and management and his system of governing is wide ly considered a success.Again, different time periods and factors will require different solutions to problems. No conception is so strong that it can last forever and thrive amidst radically changing social and political landscapes. As such, La Guardias usage of universal Works money for the stimulation of the stagnant economy of New York was the right decision at the right time. While not perfect, it did serve its primary take aim saving New York City from economic collapse.

American History Paper

There is near consensus that the polarization of the United States, into South and North, which even offtually lead to the American Civil War was caused by slavery (Hutchison, 2003). The instruction that has taken currency on this issue is that the grayers were fighting for the perpetuation of slavery while the Northerners had taken the moral high ground of mop uping it. However, the two respective stands taken by these two groups smacks of self-centeredness (Hutchison, 2003).First, the grey States were using the equality of all citizen in the United States as a scapegoat to support the subsequence of slavery because their economic prosperity was dependent on slavery while their northern compatriots supported its abolition not because they did not benefit economically from it but because they never wanted the Southerners to share in those benefits emanating from slavery, that is wherefore they used the excuse of criminalizing any expansion on slavery in the territories that h ad been acquired from Mexico while not including their dominion (North) in that abolition.Because of this discord between these two regions a number of compromises were brokered the most popular being the 1850 compromise. However, thither reached a time when not even the 1850 compromise could hold on, that is when the union eventually broke asunder. at one time that the 1850 compromise had failed to contain the South and the North territories from engaging in the debate on slavery, another stem had to be sort in order to reduce hostility between these two territories. This is how the Kansas-Nebraska tirade came to being.Therefore the Kansas-Nebraska annotation can be looked on as another compromise brokered after the failure of a prior compromise (1850 compromise). Why the Kansas-Nebraska bill succeeded for some time where the 1850 compromise failed was because while it kind of tried to end slavery in the Southern as was being propagated by the Northerners the Kansas-Nebraska bill gave the Southerners a say in making that decision which they exercised by voting for the continuation of slavery in their territory which was against the wishes of the northerners (WikiAnswers, 2009).By giving the Southerners the designer to solely decide on this explosive matter of slavery, this bill declared the 1850 compromise null and vacuity thereby watering down the advances that had been make by the 1850 compromise in ending slavery which even president Abraham Lincoln conceded was an evil enterprise. It should also be annotationd that the compromise of 1850 was reached by the representative of the Southern and Northern States while Kansas-Nebraska bill though passed by congress which is another representative assembly gave multitude from the respective regions the sovereign power to decide on the right to own slave.Another important point to note about the two is that they were both premised on the need to bring peaceful coexistence between the two territories in a larger union although both only succeeded in further dividing them (Hutchison, 2003). It can also be argued that by giving the two territories the power to vote separately on this issue of slavery, the Kansas-Nebraska bill made any effort at unity futile. That is why the Southerners found no fault in the bill while the Northerners were extremely outraged by it content.The 1850 compromise just like a number of compromises that had been infatuated prior to it had succeeded in maintaining a semblance of peaceful coexistence although there was inner rage which was building in each of the territories which is why eventually both territories decided enough is enough and maintenance of the status quo became indefensible (Hutchison, 2003). First, the 1850 compromise was unable to address exhaustively the issue of slavery which was the explosive issue that was the subject of the discontent from both sides.This was because it created an environment of suspicion on both territories each not sure whether their demand had been met by the compromise. For instance, the Southerners after years of being treated as second class citizen by their Northern compatriot believed that the 1850 compromised was a perpetuation of that bigotry while the Northerners who all with had been used to dictating terms to their Southern compatriots did not ingest a reflection of that superiority in the 1850 compromise. The Kansas-Nebraska bill on the other hand might gull made a mark in enhancing the equality of people from both territories.However it neither anticipated nor turn to the resistance that the Northerners would have most definitely put against any effort towards equalizing them with the southern compatriots whom they had all through considered inferior when it came to the enjoyment of rights. Being a product of legislation from a representative assembly, the Kansas-Nebraska bill was a democratic instrument unlike the 1850 compromise that was just a product of the deliberation o f a skew representation forum which is probably why it was viewed by the Southerners with suspicion.This bills also failed to the test of pragmatism in that it failed to cherish the fact that the Southerner would obviously vote for slavery which was increasing being viewed as an infringement of the peoples right (slaves), this is one of the reason why it did not hold water for much longer contempt the fact that it gave people from both territory a right to influence decisions at the national level.References Hutchison, E. Craig, (2003). The civic war Why? Compare and Contrast. Retrieved 23 July 2010 from

Industrial V.S. Pastoral Essay

No other set aside has ever made me want to be a ariseer more (or at entirely) than The Omnivores dilemma by Michael Pollan. No other book has placed such a dark cloud of doomsday and gloom over such a seemingly simple topic such as victuals production. Im of course non talking about two identical archetypes. One model is of industrial agriculture contrasted by pastoral agriculture. In his research Michael Pollan visited farms of both styles, got to know the onsite operations, followed the food to its net destination, and finally ate a meal cr fertiliseed with the very ingredients he spent a week investigating.Michael describes the farm owned by George Naylor, which is of the industrial model, as being fairly easy in terms of manual of arms labor but extremely difficult in the detective work. Detective work usually isnt aboutthing that gets brought up often when talking about farms here it is referring to the journalistic tracking that Michael Pollan had to do with Mr. Nayl ors raw material crop lemon. The difficulty in following a bushel of corn from the Naylor farm is his corn, along with the bulk of corn grown in the U. S. will eventually wind up in practically everything we eat and use. He does a fabulous job of painting a picture of this river of corn and how it ebbs and flows throughout our lives eat at any dietary connection we once might have had to nature. Nature is later on all a dodge based on diversity and here we see an entire nation built on and fueled by a single plant. The carbon in our flesh has even been tested and the findings were we atomic number 18, after water, predominately corn. I was starting to think that there were too many chapters in this book about cornIt just kept going and going but once I realized how much it is entwined in our lives and how perhaps this is the only account of someone illuminating that truth it started to seem necessary. As those carbon tests showed we atomic number 18 what we eat, Pollan shows in his book we are what we eat eats. Just as diversity is the spice of life in an ecosystem so too is it necessary for the physical health of animal(prenominal)s. We humans know that very well and retain it readily to our own diets but what happens when we dont allow nature to run its course in the meals of our meals?The nutritional content suffers immensely to the point where our entire notion of healthy foods is skewed. An example used by Pollan is our idea of the nutritional content in red core and fish. It is considered self-evident that an excess of red meat will cause all sorts of health problems. Likewise it is pretty well known that most fish, curiously pink-orange, is rich in the good omega 3 fats and should be a staple of our diets. Omega 3 fats are produced in the leaves of plants while omega 6 fats are produced in the seeds of plants.If a awe was kitty fed he would produce a healthier steak than the fillet of a farm raised salmon. This is because that salmon is mo st likely raised on corn. One would think that the flip side of this coin would be an organic fertilizer farm. Well that same person would probably be very shocked to read what Michael Pollan had to vocalize about organic. People might even feel duped by places like Whole Foods. As it is describe in the book organic should realistically be read industrial organic for the farms and slaughterhouses are scarce different at all.In fact, instead of steering it onto a whole new track the organic rules and regulations only make it that much harder to run a traditional industrial operation. What the author shows as the antithesis to industrial is pastoral. In this section he visits the polyface farm of Joel Salatin which is reminiscent of a farm you might find in the movie Babe. It is actually a huge relief to read about because up to this point in the book you are starting to question if this kind of farm even exists.In this parallel beingness monoculture is a filthy word and the pract ices found in industrial food production are nought short of reprehensible. This model mimics nature therefore it is complex and interdependent each and every plant and animal are so entwined in each others existence it really begs the question what came freshman the chicken or the egg? But that is the whole point of polyface farming. Only through diversity (and remain in the local market) can sustainable agriculture be achieved. Or put another way, all of our environmental/agricultural problems start from attempting to create a monoculture ecosystem.Ruminants graze the grass chewing about ? of the weather vane while simultaneously dropping cow pies. The bottom part of the grass that cows do not eat is favored by the chickens that follow in the hoof prints before them. Around this time the cow patties start to grow ripe with larvae which become extra protein for the chickens. While the chickens scratch around the cow feed they consequently spread the manure for the farmer. Thi s is only a small piece of the pie in terms of the interactions surrounded by all species that live and work on polyface.This is also one of the cycles of nature that if left to its own devises extinguishes the farmers sine qua non for pesticides and other harmful chemicals. Salatin could be seen as the conductor while all the other organisms of the farm are the musicians and the instruments he sees how nature works and makes sure all the conditions are perfect and helps nature along. With his many inventions and perverted optimistic attitude one cant help but picture a study character. Several times throughout the reading I was reminded of the industrial revolution and not just because the industrial food reach was born out of it.I found it interesting how the industrial food chain resembled the industrial revolution in conditions only. It was bleak, mechanical, and the conditions the animals are kept in are just horrible and unsanitary. The book wave of human innovation and change that came out of the industrial revolution is absent from that food system but are absolutely present at polyface. Obviously this is just one farm so the analogy might be weak but I feel the conditions of this one farm, if recreated and multiplied, could produce some amazing ideas and inspire positive change.